Managing Foot and Ankle Complications Caused by Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes can cause many issues in the foot and ankle. It is important to recognize the symptoms of these complications before they worsen to maintain good health.

Diabetes mellitus affects 11% of the population in the United States. An estimated 8.6 million people in the USA are undiagnosed and completely unaware of their condition. In 2023, diabetes mellitus was the eighth leading cause of death. In the lower extremities, diabetes can affect the vascular, dermatological, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems. Complications of foot and ankle issues related to diabetes can be serious and are often a result of neuropathy, poor circulation, and skin changes. Here are some common complications:

1. Diabetic Neuropathy: High blood sugar levels can damage the nerves in the feet, leading to loss of sensation. This can make it difficult for individuals to feel injuries or sores.

2. Foot Ulcers: Due to decreased sensation, cuts and sores can develop and go unnoticed. If not treated, these ulcers can become infected and may lead to more severe complications.

3. Infections: Individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of infections due to reduced blood flow and nerve damage. Infections can spread quickly in the foot and ankle area.

4. Charcot Foot: This is a condition that results in weakening of the bones in the foot, which can lead to deformities. It can occur in patients with neuropathy, often without any pain.

5. Poor Circulation: Diabetes can lead to peripheral artery disease (PAD), which reduces blood flow to the feet. This can result in pain, sores, and delayed healing.

6. Amputation: In extreme cases, untreated infections or ulcers can lead to the need for partial or complete foot amputation.

7. Deformities: Conditions like hammer toes or bunions may develop due to altered pressure distribution on the foot, exacerbated by poorly fitting shoes.

To prevent these complications, it's important for individuals with diabetes to maintain good blood sugar control, regularly inspect their feet for any injuries or changes, and consult healthcare professionals for foot care and appropriate footwear.

If you are suffering from any of the symptoms listed above, schedule an appointment with one of the podiatrists at Restore Foot & Ankle Specialists by calling (469) 573-3427 or by booking online at www.restorefoot.com.